Our understanding of human genetics will revolutionize medicine. All kinds of cancer occur when cells multiply in an uncontrolled manner. While environmental factors contribute to a person's risk of cancer (e.g. smoking, diet, and exercise), most cancers have a genetic basis too. Literally hundreds of genes and proteins are involved in monitoring the process of cell division and DNA replication; a mutation in one or more of these genes or proteins can sometimes lead to uncontrolled cancerous growth. Also, diseases that directly affect the nervous system, such as Alzheimer's, have a genetic component. A greater understanding of disease at a molecular level will lead to earlier diagnosis and better treatment, and – finally, we hope – a cure.
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